Astronauts on future long-duration human spaceflight (LDHSF) missions will collaborate with artificial agents to enable crew medical autonomy and support Earth-independent clinical decision-making, working together as Cyber-Physical Human (CPH) teams. Although trust is a well-understood pillar of successful team collaboration, its incorporation into the design of onboard medical systems and clinical decision support (CDS) interfaces has not been systematically addressed. The work presented in this paper advances the development of onboard medical systems and CDS interfaces by integrating CPH team trust considerations from the early design stages. First, we present a framework to facilitate transdisciplinary stakeholder collaboration to envision solutions in the LDHSF future(s) context. Next, we describe the developed design research tools that allow stakeholders to consider CPH trust in the context of future LDHSF missions. Lastly, we illustrate a case-study application of the tools to derive trust-driven future CPH interface requirements and demonstrate how they are reflected within the conceptual development of the Exploration Medical Ecosystem Design Interface (ExMEDI).