In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the concept of circular economy (CE), which calls for a shift from the traditional linear model of production and consumption to optimize resource and energy efficiency. The goal in CE is to minimize waste and extend the lifecycle of products and materials through innovative solutions and business models. Different circular business models can drive supply chains towards sustainability in various loops such as: closing, slowing, narrowing the loops, and dematerialisation. Precise information on products is required to improve the sustainability of materials and supply chain when moving towards CE model. Therefore, data plays a key role for traceability of products and materials and to enable efficiency and transparency of the supply chain. In this regard, supply chain 4.0 which refers to utilization of Industry 4.0 technologies in supply change management, can enable the transition towards CE. Industry 4.0 technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) help companies in redesigning their supply chain by utilizing sensors, process automation, creating networks, and analyzing large amount of data which improves performances significantly and increases customer satisfaction. This chapter explores the concept of supply chain 4.0 in the context of CE. The aim is to identify the role of Industry 4.0 technologies in circular supply chain and to propose a framework for the applications of these technologies in different circular business models and strategies based on the existing literature and supportive case examples. Therefore, this chapter seeks to answer the following research questions:
1. How can Industry 4.0 technologies enable circularity in supply chain to create value for businesses and society?
2. What are the best practices for implementing supply chain 4.0 in circular economy?